Surf music

The instrumental rock and roll pioneered by performers such as Duane Eddy, Link Wray, and The Ventures was developed by Dick Dale who added distinctive "wet" reverb, rapid alternate picking, as well as Middle Eastern and Mexican influences, producing the regional hit "Let's Go Trippin'" in 1961 and launching the surf music craze. Like Dale and his Del-Tones, most early surf bands were formed in Southern California, including the Bel-Airs, the Challengers, and Eddie & the Showmen. The Chantays scored a top ten national hit with "Pipeline" in 1963 and probably the best known surf tune was 1963's "Wipe Out", by the Surfaris, which hit number 2 and number 10 on the Billboard charts in 1965.


The growing popularity of the genre led groups from other areas to try their hand. These included The Astronauts, from Boulder, Colorado, The Trashmen, from Minneapolis, Minnesota, who had a number 4 hit with "Surfin Bird" in 1964 and The Rivieras from South Bend, Indiana, who reached number 5 in 1964 with "California Sun". The Atlantics, from Sydney, Australia, made a significant contribution to the genre, with their hit "Bombora" (1963). European instrumental bands around this time generally focused more on the more rock and roll style played by The Shadows, but The Dakotas, who were the British backing band for Merseybeat singer Billy J. Kramer, gained some attention as surf musicians with "Cruel Sea" (1963), which was later covered by American instrumental surf bands, including The Ventures.

Surf music achieved its greatest commercial success as vocal music, particularly the work of the Beach Boys, formed in 1961 in Southern California. Their early albums included both instrumental surf rock (among them covers of music by Dick Dale) and vocal songs, drawing on rock and roll and doo wop and the close harmonies of vocal pop acts like the Four Freshmen. Their first chart hit, "Surfin'" in 1962 reached the Billboard top 100 and helped make the surf music craze a national phenomenon. From 1963 the group began to leave surfing behind as subject matter as Brian Wilson became their major composer and producer, moving on to the more general themes of male adolescence including cars and girl in songs like "Fun, Fun, Fun" (1964) and "California Girls" (1965). Other vocal surf acts followed, including one-hit wonders like Ronny & the Daytonas with "G. T. O." (1964) and Rip Chordswith "Hey Little Cobra", which both reached the top ten, but the only other act to achieve sustained success with the formula were Jan & Dean, who had a number 1 hit with "Surf City" (co-written with Brian Wilson) in 1963. The surf music craze and the careers of almost all surf acts was effectively ended by the arrival of the British Invasion from 1964. Only the Beach Boys were able to sustain a creative career into the mid-1960s, producing a string of hit singles and albums, including the highly regarded Pet Sounds in 1966, which made them, arguably, the only American rock or pop act that could rival The Beatles.

TRANSLATE TO INDONESIAN

Instrumental rock dan roll dimulai oleh pemain seperti Duane Eddy, Link Wray dan The Ventures dikembangkan oleh Dick Dale, menambahkan khas "basah" reverb, cepat pemilihan alternatif dan pengaruh Timur Tengah dan Meksiko Trippin memproduksi hit regional "Mari S Go '" pada tahun 1961 dan peluncuran menggila musik surfing. Sebagai Dale dan nya Del Nada, band surfing paling awal dibentuk di California Selatan, termasuk Bel-Air, yang Challengers dan Eddie & the showmen. Chantays mencetak bagian atas nasional 10 hit dengan "Pipeline" pada tahun 1963 dan mungkin lagu selancar yang terkenal "Wipe Out, 1963" oleh Surfaris, yang mencapai nomor 2 dan nomor 10 di tangga Billboard pada tahun 1965.

Semakin populernya genre ditujukan kelompok dari daerah lain untuk mencoba tangannya. Ini termasuk astronot, Boulder, Colorado, The Trashmen, Minneapolis, Minnesota, yang memiliki No 4 hit dengan "Surfin 'Bird" pada tahun 1964 dan Rivieras dari South Bend, Indiana, yang mencapai nomor 5 tahun 1964 " california matahari. " Atlantik, dari Sydney, Australia, membuat kontribusi penting untuk genre dengan hit-nya "Bombora" (1963). band instrumental Eropa di era ini umumnya lebih terfokus pada gaya rock and roll dimainkan oleh bayang-bayang, tapi Dakota, adalah dari band Inggris penyanyi Merseybeat Billy J. Kramer, mendapat perhatian sebagai musisi surfing dengan "Kejam Laut" (1963), yang kemudian ditutupi oleh American band surfing instrumental, termasuk The Ventures.

Musik Surf mencapai kesuksesan terbesar komersial sebagai musik vokal, khususnya pekerjaan Beach Boys, dibentuk tahun 1961 di California selatan. album pertama nya termasuk baik surfing instrumental rock (termasuk mencakup musik oleh Dick Dale) dan lagu vokal, berdasarkan rock and roll dan doo wop dan harmoni vokal pop sempit sebagai empat mahasiswa baru. keberhasilan album pertamanya, "Surfin '" pada tahun 1962 mencapai Billboard top 100 dan membantu untuk membuat musik surfing menggila sebuah fenomena nasional. Sejak tahun 1963, kelompok itu mulai meninggalkan sebagai browsing subjek dan Brian Wilson menjadi kepala penulis lagu dan produser, beralih ke isu-isu yang lebih luas dari remaja laki-laki, termasuk mobil dan gadis dalam lagu seperti "Fun, Fun, Fun" (1964) dan "California Girls" (1965). Tindakan surfing Vokal lain mengikuti, termasuk satu keajaiban hit seperti Ronny & the Daytonas dengan "GT o." (1964) dan Rip Chordswith "Hei Cobra kecil", yang mencapai sepuluh besar, tetapi hukum hanyalah untuk mencapai berkelanjutan sukses dengan rumus itu Jan & Dean, yang memiliki nomor 1 dengan "Surf City" (co-ditulis dengan Brian Wilson) pada tahun 1963. Musik surfing menggila dan karir hampir setiap tindakan berselancar efektif berakhir dengan kedatangan invasi Inggris tahun 1964. Hanya Beach Boys mampu mempertahankan karir kreatif pada 1960-an, memproduksi serangkaian hits dan album, termasuk bergengsi Pet Sounds pada tahun 1966, yang menyebabkan hukum mungkin hanya batu Amerika atau pop yang bisa menyaingi dengan The Beatles.

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